Reliant Octel 200 and Octel 300 Message Servers PB6001401 Bedienungsanleitung PDF herunterladen (Seite 529)

100

101

Internet

Addressing 1

1A-1

Octel Overture 200/300 Serenade 3.0

PB60014–01

APPENDIX

INTERNET ADDRESSING

This

appendix provides some background information about internet addresses and how this information

relates to the Octel Overture



200/300 Digital Networking and other Octel LAN-based features.

A TCP/IP* internet is a virtual network built by interconnecting physical networks with gateways.

Addressing is an essential ingredient that helps TCP/IP software hide physical network details and makes

the internet appear to be a single, uniform entity

. For an

Octel Overture 200/300 to be able to talk to any

other system, a globally accepted method of identifying systems is needed. Often, host identifiers are

classified as

names

addresses

, or

routes

. A

name

identifies what an object is, an

address

identifies where it

is, and a

route

tells how to get there. Names, addresses, and routes really refer to successively lower levels

of host identifiers. In general, people usually prefer pronounceable names to identify machines, whereas

software works better with more compact binary representation of identifiers that we think of as addresses.

For addresses, the designers of TCP/IP chose a scheme analogous to physical network addressing in which

each host (or network connection) on the internet is assigned a unique 32-bit integer (4 bytes) IP address

that is used in all communication to the host. These integers are chosen so as to make routing ef

ficient.

The bits of IP address for all hosts on a given network share a common prefix. Conceptually

, each address

is a pair (netid, hostid), where netid identifies a network and hostid identifies a host on that network. In

practice, each IP address must have one of the first three forms shown in the following figure. For ease of

communication, IP addresses are written in the dotted decimal format with four decimal integers separated

by decimal points, where each integer gives the value of one octet of the IP address. Thus, the 32-bit address

10000000 00001010 00000010 0001

1110

is written

128.10.2.30

* Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of communications protocols developed for the Defense Advanced Research Projects

Agency to internetwork dissimilar systems. It runs on a large number of computers and is supported by many hardware vendors from personal

computers to mainframes. It is used by many corporations and almost all American universities and federal organizations. The TCP protocol

controls the transfer of the data, and the IP protocol provides the routing mechanism.

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